Apparatus for producing gas.



PATENTED APR. 28, 1903..-

E. H. AMBT. i APPARATUS POR' PRODUGING GAS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21, 1907. RENEWED FEB. 4, 1908.

UL'LZ/w-SES UNiTED STATES PATEivT OFFICE.

EDWARD H. AAMET, OF PHLENIX, RIZO'NA TERRITORY, ASSIGNOR TOINTERNATIONAL- AMET COMPANY, or PHcENiX, ARIZONA TERRITORY.

TERRITORY, A 'coRPoRATIoN- or ARIZONA v A APPARATUS Fon rRonUcING GAS.

Speccation of Letters Patent. j

`Patented April 28, 1908.

Application illed January 21, 1907, Serial No. 853,384. Renewed.February1| 4,' 190; Serial No. 414,269.

To all whom it may fon/cera:

Be `i known that I, EDWARD H. Amar, va citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at PhoeniX, in the county of Maricopa and Territory of Arizona,have invented and discovereda new and useful Aplparatus for ProducingGas, of which the fo owing isa specification.

This invention relates to apparatus adapted for the manufacture of gasin accordance with a process discovered and invented by me, and for`which I have iiled a coending a plication, Serial No. 353,385, forttersatent of the United States.

It is of theobjccts of this invention to prosize for converting cru ehydrocarbon oils or other as-making materials intotaJ fixed combustlbegas; -to eliminate the necessit of checker-work and baffle walls ingas-ma gv v production of a xe'd gas which will remain Xed for anindefinite period of timeyto provide for conducting said operationcontinuously tO consume the coke and heavy hydro- -carbonsheretoforeresulting as by-,products from the oil or other gas-making1material supplied; to utilize such coke and eavy hy-v drocarbons topartially maintain gasroduc ing iiame; .to avoid any chokinvP or c oging of the apparatus with the residue of'oi or other gas-makingmaterial; and to provide for a constant continuous ame of intense heatby which the dissociation of the elements will be continuously effected.

I have demonstrated that lheavy asphaltic oils can be used in thisapparatus for an indefinite time without any clogging',v and thatl thesubstances ordinarily forming residuein the process of gas making, willbecome consumed and assist in the process.

The accom anving drawings illustratethe invention in tlhe form I atpresent employ as l most satisfactory.

' Figure 1 isl a side elevation of apparatus vide cheap, simple aparatus of minimum stood that the same will ordinarily be conneotedwiththe usual gas scrubbers, washers and holders. Fig. 2 is afragmental,longitudinal mid-sectionl` of the same. Fig. 3 isa plan section onl line:c3-x3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is 934-504, Figs.v 2 and 3, looking rearwardly inthe direction of the arrows.. l

1 is a metallic case or jacket inclosing the dissociating chamber 2which is surrounded by a refractory lining 3. dissociating chamber 2 hasan upwardlyinclined surface 4 at the upper end of which an opening 5through the jacket forms the outlet fromv the chamber and also serves asan extinguisher for the iiame to be generated in said chamber. Saidopening is fitted with end of the narrow combining and associatin ilue,tube or pipe 7 i In the opposite end o the jacket 1 are two openings 8and 9, one ,above the other. Throu h opening 8 oiloil. 17 is an oil-pipeto supply oil to said heater 16.

18 which receives air supply pipe19 having a regulating3 valve 2() anan' air-conducting pipe 21W y 23 is a primary i .closure as a screw-p ug24.

edge of the inclined spreader l1 and the floor of the'dissociatingchamber, the saine forming an. inlet into said chamber for the airunderneath the spreader. v The .operation is as followsz-The screwplug24 having :been removed and oil adembodying my invention, it4 beingunder-,

The bottom of the an oil heater 16 whichl The opening 9'is fitted with`ascrew-ilange ich leads from asuitable supply of air, as a blower 2'2.`

25 is a slot-like opening-between the lower` 6o a sectional elevation onthe irregular line v *la screw-flange 6 which receives the threadedfeed-pipe 10 passes throu'g the jacket 1 and tube will serve to increasethe fluidity of the.

nition'opening having a j mittedthrough feed-pipe 1D, and air through Vair-sup ly-pipe 19, a torch may be inserted throng the opening 23, thusigniting the oil fiowing over and from the spreader ll. At

` this eriod the oil and air-controlling valves lwill e partially closedto prevent iiooding the apparatus and overbalancing the flame. When theflame has thus been initiated the Atorch will be withdrawn and lhescreir-plug of the same, and said elements -while in suspension andbetere com lete combustion,

will be carried to the out et 5, which being considerably contractedwith reference to the cross-sectional area of the dissociating cham-lber, extinguishes the flame and terminates the combustion of saidelements, which thereupon proceed still in an incandescent conditioninto the combininT or associating tube or iiue 7. Said iiue mayrlead toa waterseal 28, or may otherwise terminate to deliver the resultantproducts which will be found to bein the-.form of a fixed gas, specimensof which I have stored for months without noticeable deterioration.

I have in some instances taken the products directly from the opening 5in the jacket from which the flue 7 had been removed, and have foundsuch gas to bepartially fixed and partially unfixed, but in a conditionto support combustion if ignited outside the acket, although when saidflue has thus been removed the elements issue from the opening in anextinguished stata-that is, not in'a state of ignition,-and anadditional flame is required outside to initiate fiame at that point. l

I have determined that in vorder to secure the maximum efiiciency in theproduction of ixed gas from carbonaceous materials, as crude petroleum,it is necessary that the outi let be reduced and the combining tube 7 beof considerable length.

The ur ose of the flue 7 to hold the dissociateld ellements after theirflame has been extinguished, in intimate relation with each other untilsufhcient time has elapsed for I them` to combine with each other toform 'holes will rapidly clo can be condensed into oil.

let 5, would drop to a temperature of 400 or 500 Fahrenheit at thefurther end of the lue at which temperature the resultant gas passes tothe water-seal, from whence it passes to the usual washers and scrubbersnot shown, where the temperature is further reduced to normal. y

In experimenting with this apparatus I have made a series of smallholes, (not shown), along the top of the pipe 7, thus giving access tothe interior of the llue. its the operation of the apparatus proceeds,the with solid carbon, which at the end near t 1e dissoerating chamber 1is in the form of coke, such form chang-V in gradually 'at thesuccessive holes from the co re. form to the form of soft lamp black,which will be deposited along the pipe at the outlet end thereof.

While the holes are open, jets of gas will issue therefrom and the gasol the jets nearest thedissociating chamber is in an incandescentcondition and said incandescencc gradually decreases as the distancefrom the chamber increases.v Said jets may be ignited by application offlame outside the tube, but otherwise will flow ofi without ignition.

Gas from the jets nearest the dissociating` chamber may be partiallycondensed and will yield a small quantity of free oil, a portion 'of thegas only being in a fixed condition;

but as the distance from the dissociating chamber increases the amountof oil which becomes less and less and the proportion ol 'fixed gasbecomes greater until at the farther end of the tube a gas issues noneof which Tins lattergas carries a small pro ortion of lamp black m`suspension and as t 'ie gas passes through tlnl necessary scrubbers andwashers, not s iown',

' Such lamp black is removed, in the usual way but the proportion roflamp black relative both to the amount of oil consumed and to the amountof gas produced is much less than occurs with any former apparatus withwhich I am acquainted, and no tar'or other liquid b #products areobtained from the gas. W en the holes above mentioned are eft withoutexternal'interference, they soon become clogged; those nearest thedissociating chamber filling up with hard coke and the hardness of thede osits diminishing as the distance from sai chamber increases, and theholes farthest away from said chamber filling with lampblacl y By reasonof the inclined fioor 4 any surplus oil that may ind its way into thedissociating chamber Awill be conducted toward theair inlet where itwill be subjected to the that if'the chamber be not originally: pro'-vided with a rearwardly-sloping-iioor' substantiallyl as shown, f adeposit of coke and asphaltum may form at the rear of the chamber untilthe form of the floor assumes a slanting character substantiallycorresponde ing to that shown inthe drawmgs.

- the same will be dissociated by the heat and action of theelements inthe chamber.

264 is a nozzle controlled by a valve 27' and leading from a watersupply not shown, by which a fine stream of watermay be. constantly fedto the interior of the chamber.

The nozzle or pipe 26 is preferablyr arranged about midway of thedissociating chamber,

, thus introducing the water at a point in 'the flame where it will addoxygen and hydrogen to the flame.

struction of the combining and fixing ele.- ment 7 as a `narrow tube, lhave made a radical departure from the known art, and have at oncedispensed with all the expensive and cumbersome checker work andobstructed or tortuous passages heretofore deemed necessary toaccomplish the fixing of the gas. By the Aconstruction shown, an intense.heat loccurs on the interior of the combining and fixing tube 7 and afixed gas results.`

1. A -gas-making apparatus -comprising a tapering chamber, oil and fairinlets at tlie larger end of said chamber, the former being above thelatter, an oils reader between said inlets, a contracted out et at thesmallerto form ,fixe

end of the chamber, and a flue to receive the. products from saidcontracted outlet and` 4hold the elements thereof in intimate relationfor the purpose off' combining the -same gas.

2. A ta'e'ring ldissociating chamber, the floor of W ich slopes upwardlytoward the smaller end, means for supplying air and.

hydrocarbonaceous substances at the larger end of s aid chamber, acontracted outlet at4 the smaller end of said chamber, and a narrowcombining tube leading directly from' said outlet.

3. A refractory chamber having'a'sloping,

" vfloor, lmeans for supplyin 'heat-producing combustibles a-t one end osaid chamber, acontracted outlet at the otherend to form a fiame extinuisher, and a narrow combining' tube to hol ,the'extinguished productsfor a `period in close relation'in they resence -of their residual heatproduced byA t flame in'.

the chamber, said tube leading directly from the outlet andbeing'adapted to pass the resultant products onward as a fixed gas.

4. The gas apparatus set forth comprisin a dissociating chamberhaving acontracte outlet at 'one end, means forsu'pplying cara fixed gasresults.

bonaceous substances to the chamber at the other end, means forsupplying a sheet of air to the chamberbelow t directly from" thecontracted outlet, sai chamber being unobstructed from inlet to outlet,said outlet being 4of such size relative to the chamber as to extinguishtheflame of the'products` of the chamber, and said tu'be .or flue beingof such-proportions as to confine thev gases under their residual heatuntil Y 'chamber 'at the lower end of said floor. It is to be noted thatby the novel con- 6. A gas ap aratus comprising a chamber having aninciinediloor and an outlet, said floor sloping to said outlet, an oilspreaderat the end of the chamber oppositethe outlet slanting toward thelowerend'v of the floor, an oil supply'for said spreader,. means fordirecting a supply of air. under the oil supply amd towardl the slo )ingfloor, anda combining'tube-leading fiom Asaid outlet, the 'dimansions ofsaid outlet being such as to exchamber. A

' ting'uish thel flamel of the products of-th'e 7 A gasapparatuscomprising a dissociate;

ing chamber, `means for extinguishing the flame therefrom, said'meanscomprismg a tube `connected directly to theoutlet from said chamber,said tube being-also adapted to receive the products afterextinguish'ment, means for supplying gas-producing materials to thechamber oppositethe outlet, the space between such means. and the outletbeing un-, obstructed, and said tube affording an unobstructed passageof considerable length substantially as and for the lpurpose set forth.i

'8.A gas apparatus comprising a dissociatingchamber, meansforextinguishing the fiame therefrom, said means comprising a -`tubeconnected directly to the outlet from said chamber, saidl tube beingalso adapted to receive the products'after extinguishment, means forsupplying gas-producing materials 'to thechamb'er'opposite the outlet,the space between such means and the otlet being unobstructed, said tubeaffording an unob? structed passage of considerable lengthsubstantiall-y and for the purpose set forth, and

means for supplying water to the chambe between the'outlet and the fuelinlet.

9. A, gas producer comprising a chamber .having a slanting floor,anoutlet at one end to which the floor leads, which outlet is contractedto serve 'as an extinguisher for the flame of the chamber, means;forsupplying e carbonaceous sub-y stance, and a comblmng tube or flueleadln air at the lower end of the slentng floor, and leading from theoutlet for the pur ose ol' means for supplying oil end Water above theproducing a xed gas by the actlon o the relevel of the air supply.sidual heat of the products. 10. A gas-produeer comprising a. chamber Intestimony whereof, I have hereunto set 15 5 having e slenting lloor, anoutlet at one end my hand at Los Angeles Cnlifornm tlus 3rd to which thefloor leads, which outlet is eonley of J anuary- 1907. )greeted to servees an extingushenfor the EDWARD H. MET

ame of the chamber, means for supplymg air at the lower end of theslanting Hoor, In presence of-f 10 means for supplyinv oil and waterabove the J AMES R. TowNsEND,

, level'of the mr supply, and aconlbining tube JULIA TowNsENu

